Preparing a Buffer Solution

Preparing a Buffer Solution

Adapted from Robinson, R. A., and Stokes, R. H., Electrolyte solutions, the measurement and interpretation of conductance, chemical potential, and diffusion in solutions of simple electrolytes, 2^nd ed., rev. London, Butterworths, 1968.

Buffer solutions

A. 50 mL 0.2 M KCl + volume indicated (in mL) 0.2 M HCl
B. 100 mL 0.1 M potassium hydrogen phthalate + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M HCl.
C. 100 mL 0.1 M potassium hydrogen phthalate + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M NaOH.
D. 100 mL 0.1 M KH₂PO₄ + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M NaOH.
E. 100 mL 0.1 M tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M HCl.
F. 100 mL 0.025 M Na₂B₄O₇.10H₂O (borax) + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M HCl.
G. 100 mL 0.025 M Na₂B₄O₇.10H₂O (borax) + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M NaOH.
H. 100 mL 0.05 M NaHCO₃ + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M NaOH.
I. 100 mL 0.05 M Na₂HPO₄ + volume indicated (in mL) 0.1 M NaOH.
J. 50 mL 0.2 M KCl + volume indicated (in mL) 0.2 M NaOH.

Buffer A		Buffer B		Buffer C		Buffer D		Buffer E
pH	volume added	pH	volume added	pH	volume added	pH	volume added	pH	volume added
1.00	134.0	2.20	99.0	4.10	2.6	5.80	7.2	7.00	93.2
1.10	105.6	2.30	91.6	4.20	6.0	5.90	9.2	7.10	91.4
1.20	85.0	2.40	84.4	4.30	9.4	6.00	11.2	7.20	89.4
1.30	67.2	2.50	77.6	4.40	13.2	6.10	13.6	7.30	86.8
1.40	53.2	2.60	70.8	4.50	17.4	6.20	16.2	7.40	84.0
1.50	41.4	2.70	64.2	4.60	22.2	6.30	19.4	7.50	80.6
1.60	32.4	2.80	57.8	4.70	27.2	6.40	23.2	7.60	77.0
1.70	26.0	2.90	51.4	4.80	33.0	6.50	27.8	7.70	73.2
1.80	20.4	3.00	44.6	4.90	38.8	6.60	32.8	7.80	69.0
1.90	16.2	3.10	37.6	5.00	45.2	6.70	38.6	7.90	64.0
2.00	13.0	3.20	31.4	5.10	51.0	6.80	44.8	8.00	58.4
2.10	10.2	3.30	25.8	5.20	57.6	6.90	51.8	8.l0	52.4
2.20	7.8	3.40	20.8	5.30	63.2	7.00	58.2	8.20	45.8
		3.50	16.4	5.40	68.2	7.10	64.2	8.30	39.8
		3.60	12.6	5.50	73.2	7.20	69.4	8.40	34.4
		3.70	9.0	5.60	77.6	7.30	74.0	8.50	29.4
		3.80	5.8	5.70	81.2	7.40	78.2	8.60	24.4
		3.90	2.8	5.80	84.6	7.50	82.2	8.70	20.6
		4.00	0.2	5.90	87.4	7.60	85.6	8.80	17.0
						7.70	88.4	8.90	14.0
						7.80	90.6	9.00	11.4
						7.90	92.2
						8.00	93.4

Buffer F		Buffer G		Buffer H		Buffer I		Buffer J
pH	volume added	pH	volume added	pH	volume added	pH	volume added	pH	volume added
8.00	41.0	9.20	1.8	9.60	10.0	10.90	6.6	12.00	12.0
8.10	39.4	9.30	7.2	9.70	12.4	11.00	8.2	12.10	16.0
8.20	37.6	9.40	12.4	9.80	15.2	11.10	10.2	12.20	20.4
8.30	35.4	9.50	17.6	9.90	18.2	11.20	12.6	12.30	25.6
8.40	33.2	9.60	22.2	10.00	21.4	11.30	15.2	12.40	32.4
8.50	30.4	9.70	26.2	10.10	24.4	11.40	18.2	12.50	40.8
8.60	27.0	9.80	30.0	10.20	27.6	11.50	22.2	12.60	51.2
8.70	23.2	9.90	33.4	10.30	30.4	11.60	27.0	12.70	64.4
8.80	19.2	10.00	36.6	10.40	33.0	11.70	32.4	12.80	82.4
8.90	14.2	10.10	39.0	10.50	35.6	11.80	38.8	12.90	106.0
9.00	9.2	10.20	41.0	10.60	38.2	11.90	46.0	13.00	132.0
9.10	4.0	10.30	42.6	10.70	40.4	12.00	53.8
		10.40	44.2	10.80	42.4
		10.50	45.4	10.90	44.0
		10.60	46.6	11.00	45.4
		10.70	47.6
		10.80	48.5

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